Valerio Gatta

• Iannaccone, Gabriele; Marcucci, Edoardo & Gatta, Valerio (2021). What young e-consumers want? : forecasting parcel lockers choice in Rome. Logistics. ISSN 2305-6290. 5(3), s. 1–16. doi: 10.3390/logistics5030057. Vis sammendrag

  Surges in e-commerce sales represent a huge challenge for urban freight transport. Parcel lockers constitute a valid solution for addressing the challenges home deliveries imply. In fact, eliminating courier–consumer contact (also relevant for health-related issues, as made evident by the COVID-19 pandemic) and delivering in fewer predefined places might help coping mechanisms for missed deliveries substantially. Furthermore, this option enables consolidated shipping and reduced delivery trip costs. This paper analyses and compares consumer preferences for alternative collection strategies. It investigates home delivery vs. parcel locker use and forecasts their future market shares. This is performed based on both customer socio-economic variables and the attributes characterising these alternative logistic fulfilment strategies. The case study considered tests upon a stated preference survey deployed in the city of Rome. The investigation specifically targeted young people (i.e., population under 30 years) since they represent early adopters. Discrete choice models allow both quantifying the monetary value of parcel lockers attributes (i.e., willingness to pay measures) and estimating the potential demand for this innovative delivery scheme. Results show that distance and accessibility are the main choice determinants. Furthermore, there is an overall high propensity to adopt parcel lockers. This research can support policymakers when implementing such solutions. View Full-Text Keywords: parcel locker, last mile delivery, home delivery, city logistics, urban freight transport, stated preference, discrete choice modelling; consumer behavior, e-commerce, channel choice, collection points

• Le Pira, Michela; Marcucci, Edoardo & Gatta, Valerio (2021). Roman holiday : tourist heterogeneous preferences for walking path elements. Research in Transportation Economics. ISSN 0739-8859. 90(December), s. 1–11. doi: 10.1016/j.retrec.2021.101106. Vis sammendrag

  This paper investigates tourists’ preferences in Rome (Italy) with respect to their “last mile” transport walking experience. Stated preference experiments and discrete choice models are used to estimate tourists’ preferences for alternative walking paths configurations, taking into account path characteristics and conditions (e.g. public services presence, interference with other modes of transport and thermal comfort). We estimate Multinomial logit (MNL) models on the base of 365 choice experiments. The most important attribute is cleanliness, followed by green spaces. The paper estimates both time elasticity and the “willingness to walk” with respect to different path attributes. Segmenting the sample and estimating different MNL models allows considering preference heterogeneity. Results show there are some differences within the sample. In fact, those who usually walk are willing to walk more than others given some improvements in the path. Besides, we also propose, on the base of the last walking path followed, a “tourist walking satisfaction index” linked to utility. This sheds light on tourists’ walking experience in different zones of the study area. In particular, adding restrooms along the paths increases tourist walking satisfaction the most. The paper provides useful information for policy-makers on how to plan, design and manage walking networks.

• Maltese, Ila; Le Pira, Michela; Marcucci, Edoardo; Gatta, Valerio & Evangelinos, Christos (2021). Grocery or @grocery : a stated preference investigation in Rome and Milan. Research in Transportation Economics. ISSN 0739-8859. 87(June), s. 1–12. doi: 10.1016/j.retrec.2021.101096. Vis sammendrag

  Despite the huge growth in online purchases, e-grocery (i.e. ordering grocery online) was still limited in scope in Italy so far. More recently, its growth has been substantial and 2020 witnessed a huge increase due to COVID-19-related mobility restrictions. In principle, e-grocery could reduce the number of shopping trips, yet an exponential increase in shipping and deliveries could have a negative impact on the environment. In order to explore the willingness to e-grocery, and delivery preferences (self-delivery, home delivered grocery or collected in a specific place) - and estimate their market shares - a stated preference survey was carried in Rome and Milan. Respondents were asked about their grocery shopping habits and to choose among different shopping and delivery options. Discrete choice modelling allows investigating preference heterogeneity and estimating willingness to pay measures. Main results indicate that respondents, characterised by distinct socio-economic, attitudinal, and geographical elements, react differently to attribute variations for alternative grocery shopping channels. Scenario simulations can help in defining successful business-strategies and possible solutions to external costs. Under this respect, results suggest that the best strategy to increase e-grocery shares in the two cities should be non-monetary, but rather aimed at expanding the product range available online. Keywords: e-grocery, last mile delivery, home delivery, click&pick, city logistics, discrete Choice Models, multinomial, logit, consumer behaviour

• Marcucci, Edoardo; Gatta, Valerio & Le Pira, Michela (2021). The economics and planning of urban freight transport. I Vickerman, Roger (Red.), International Encyclopedia of Transportation. Elsevier. ISSN 9780081026717. s. 326–331. doi: 10.1016/B978-0-08-102671-7.10062-4.
• Marcucci, Edoardo; Gatta, Valerio & Le Pira, Michela (2021). Behavioral research in freight transport. I Vickerman, Roger (Red.), International Encyclopedia of Transportation. Elsevier. ISSN 9780081026717. s. 242–246. doi: 10.1016/B978-0-08-102671-7.10252-0.
• Maltese, Ila; Gatta, Valerio & Marcucci, Edoardo (2021). Active travel in sustainable urban mobility plans : an Italian overview. Research in Transportation Business and Management (RTBM). ISSN 2210-5395. 40(September), s. 1–16. doi: 10.1016/j.rtbm.2021.100621.
• Le Pira, Michela; Gemma, Andrea; Gatta, Valerio; Carrese, Stefano & Marcucci, Edoardo (2021). Walking and sustainable tourism: “Streetsadvisor” : a stated preference GIS-based methodology for estimating tourist walking satisfaction in Rome. I Zamparini, Luca (Red.), Sustainable transport and tourism destinations. Emerald Group Publishing Limited. ISSN 9781839091285. s. 45–58. doi: 10.1108/S2044-994120210000013007.
• Patella, Sergio Maria; Grazieschi, Gianluca; Gatta, Valerio; Marcucci, Edoardo & Carrese, Stefano (2020). The adoption of green vehicles in last mile logistics : a systematic review. Sustainability. ISSN 2071-1050. 13(1), s. 1–24. doi: 10.3390/su13010006. Vis sammendrag

  Widespread adoption of green vehicles in urban logistics may contribute to the alleviation of problems such as environmental pollution, global warming, and oil dependency. However, the current adoption of green vehicles in the last mile logistics is relatively low despite many actions taken by public authorities to overcome the negative externalities of distributing goods in cities. This paper presents a comprehensive literature review on studies investigating the adoption of green vehicles in urban freight transportation, paying specific attention to e-commerce. To shed light on the adoption of green vehicles in city logistics, the paper conducts a systematic review of the empirical literature on the topic. The 159 articles reviewed were classified into the following: (a) Optimization and scheduling (67 papers); (b) policy (55 papers); (c) sustainability (37 papers). Among the 159 articles, a further selection of 17 papers dealing with e-commerce, i.e., studies that highlight the most relevant aspects related to the integration of green vehicles in e-commerce urban logistics, was performed. Our findings indicate that green vehicles are competitive in urban deliveries characterized by frequent stop-and-go movements and low consolidation levels while incentives are still necessary for their adoption. The use of autonomous vehicles results the most promising and challenging solution for last-mile logistics. Keywords: last mile logistics, green logistics, urban freight, e-commerce, green vehicles, drones, autonomous vehicles

• Marcucci, Edoardo; Gatta, Valerio; Le Pira, Michela; Hansson, Lisa & Bråthen, Svein (2020). Digital twins : a critical discussion on their potential for supporting policy‐making and planning in urban logistics . Sustainability. ISSN 2071-1050. 12(24), s. 1–15. doi: 10.3390/su122410623. Vis sammendrag

  Poor logistics efficiency, due to low load factors caused by high demand fragmentation, will have relevant negative consequences for cities in terms of pollution, congestion and overall city liveability. Policy-makers should equip themselves with appropriate tools to perform reliable, comprehensive and timely analyses of urban logistics scenarios, also considering upcoming (i) technological changes, (ii) business model evolutions and (iii) spatial-temporal changes these innovations will produce. This paper discusses the Digital Twin (DT) concept, illustrating the role it might play and clarifying how to properly conceive it with respect to urban freight transport policy-making and planning. The main message is that without a sound theory and knowledge with respect to the relationships linking contextual reality and choice/behaviour, it is not possible to make sense of what happens in the real world. Therefore, the joint use of behavioural and simulation models should characterise a DT within a Living Lab approach so to stimulate effective, well-informed and participated planning processes, but also to forecast both behaviour and reactions to structural changes and policy measures implementations. Keywords: digital twins, urban freight, living lab, behavioural models, policy, planning

• Marcucci, Edoardo; Gatta, Valerio; Le Pira, Michela; Chao, Ting & Li, Shengnan (2020). Bricks or clicks? : consumer channel choice and its transport and environmental implications for the grocery market in Norway. Cities: The International Journal of Urban Policy and Planning. ISSN 0264-2751. 110(March), s. 1–12. doi: 10.1016/j.cities.2020.103046. Vis sammendrag

  E-grocery is the fastest growing e-commerce segment, while still a niche market. Notwithstanding the channel choice when buying groceries might have relevant transport and environmental implications, little attention is paid to demand analysis. The paper fills this research gap, by using stated preferences to estimate market shares for e-grocery, distinguishing between home deliveries and click&pick, using the in-store option as a reference, and by considering a case study in Norway. It investigates the role of various purchase characteristics (i.e. product price, service cost, lead-time, time window, travel time and product range) when choosing which purchase channel to use. Results suggest that the most important characteristics for consumers are related to price, in particular product price, but there is also significant heterogeneity in preferences within the sample. Scenario simulations allow estimating transport and environmental impacts deriving from channel market share changes. This information can be useful for developing both managerial strategies to increase e-grocery market share and public policy interventions to minimize negative externalities. Keywords: : e-groceries, channel choice, stated preference, city logistics, e-commerce

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• Gatta, Valerio; Maltese, Ila & Marcucci, Edoardo (2021). I Piani Urbani di Mobilità Sostenibile e le politiche d'intervento nel settore della distribuzione delle merci nelle città: il caso di Roma : (Introduzione; Piani Urbani della Mobilità Sostenibile; Piani Urbani della Logistica Sostenibile; Il caso di Roma; Conclusioni). I Marcucci, Edoardo & Magazzino, Cosimo (Red.), Intorno alla politica economica : saggi per Gian Cesare Romagnoli. Edizioni FrancoAngeli. ISSN 9788835120803.
• Marcucci, Edoardo; Gatta, Valerio & Bråthen, Svein (2021). Editorial: E-groceries, digitalization and sustainability. Research in Transportation Economics. ISSN 0739-8859. 87(June), s. 1–4. doi: 10.1016/j.retrec.2021.101097.
• Sernicola, Filippo; Maltese, Ila; Gatta, Valerio; Iannaccone, Gabriele & Marcucci, Edoardo (2020). Impatto del lockdown sulla spesa degli italiani : quale futuro per l’e-grocery? La Rivista di Economia e Politica dei Trasporti. ISSN 2282-6599. s. 1–13. Vis sammendrag

  I decisori politici e gli operatori del settore si stanno impegnando in nuovi progetti volti a minimizzare l’impatto ambientale del trasporto merci dell’ultimo miglio. A questo scopo potrebbe risultare funzionale l’evoluzione verso la modalità di spesa online (e-grocery) laddove, grazie a un servizio pianificato di consegna delle merci, riuscisse a ridurre il numero di viaggi e/o di veicoli circolanti e, di conseguenza, le esternalità negative legate al settore del trasporto merci urbano. Il “lockdown di primavera”, imposto tra marzo e maggio del 2020 per contrastare il diffondersi della pandemia da SARS-Covid19, ha avuto un impatto importante su qualità e quantità degli spostamenti, che sono calati drasticamente per via delle restrizioni governative agli spostamenti vigenti sui vari territori nazionali. In questo lavoro si intende dunque esplorare se e in che misura le famiglie italiane abbiano modificato, durante il periodo di lockdown, le proprie abitudini nell’effettuare la spesa, eventualmente preferendo la modalità online. Inoltre si cerca di capire anche se tale modifica del comportamento potrebbe prolungarsi al termine del periodo di restrizioni. A questo scopo TRElab ha somministrato online un questionario su scala nazionale a più di 600 rispondenti. I risultati dello studio mostrano non solo che il lockdown ha contribuito, spesso per mancanza di alternative, a spingere le famiglie italiane verso nuove modalità di acquisto e ricezione della spesa, con un conseguente incremento del flusso di richieste per il comparto dell’e-grocery, ma evidenziano una propensione all’utilizzo del canale di vendita virtuale per la spesa anche in un prossimo futuro. Parole chiave: e-grocery, logistica urbana sostenibile, home delivery, click and pick, lockdown, Covid-19, pandemia

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